have sth to do与have sth to be done的区别

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have sth to do与have sth to be done的区别

2023-09-19 02:12| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

have sth to do 与 have sth to be done 都可以说,但有区别:

▲若不定式所表示的动作由句子主语完成,则不定式作主动式,即用 have sth to do。如:

I have a few letters to write. 我有几封信要写。(to write 由 I 完成)

We have a lot of work to do. 我们有许多工作要做。(to do 由 we 完成)

I want something to drink. 我想喝点什么。(to drink 由 I 完成)

I want to get something to read. 我想找点东西阅读。(to read 由I 完成)

▲若不定式所表示的动作由不是句子主语完成,则不定式作被动式,即用have sth to be done。比较:

I have something to type. 我有些东西要打(字)。(指自己打字)

I have something to be typed. 我有些东西要打(字)。(指请人打字)

▲比较并体会下面的句子:

Are you going to Beijing? Do you have anything to take to your son? 你要去北京吗?你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗?(to take to your son 由句子主语you 完成)

I’m going to Beijing next week. I have a lot of things to take with me. 下个星期我要去北京,我随身要带很多东西去。(to take with me 由句子主语I 完成)

I’m going to Beijing next week. Do you have anything to be taken to your son? 我下个星期要去北京,你有什么东西要带给你儿子的吗?(句中的 to be taken 用了被动式而没用主动式,原因就是“带”这个动作不是句子主语you 去完成的,而是由说话者“我”来完成的)



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